{"id":952,"date":"2025-09-28T09:18:01","date_gmt":"2025-09-28T06:18:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=952"},"modified":"2025-09-28T09:56:52","modified_gmt":"2025-09-28T06:56:52","slug":"952","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=952","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Culture-based criticism: A Reading of Its Genesis, Significance, and Textual Manifestations<\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><strong>\u062f. \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Dr. Dorine Nasr<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 5<strong>\/<\/strong> 7\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 30\/ 7\/2025<\/p>\n<p><strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651.pdf\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u064e\u0623 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0624\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0647. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0632\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062e\u064e\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u064e\u0631\u064e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0646: \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d: <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u064f\u0636\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0632.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Culture-based criticism represents one of the most significant epistemological and methodological shifts that have shaped contemporary critical discourse. Literary texts are no longer viewed merely as aesthetic objects enclosed within theirselves, but as discourse embedded within the cultural, symbolic, and social structures that produce and interpret such works. Cultural criticism has displaced the primacy of literature in favor of culture, expanding its analytical tools and fields of inquiry to encompass both the readable and the visible, the written and the imagined\u2014bridging media, artistic, and referential discourses.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This study provides a comprehensive overview of the contexts that gave rise to cultural criticism and examines how its conceptual framework crystallized within Western thought. It then investigates its practical textual applications through two models: Nizar Qabbani\u2019s poem *\u201cThe kariaat\u00a0 Al fonjen\u201d* and the *\u201cDeath of Adla\u201d* scene from the television series *Bil Dam*. The central hypothesis of this study is that cultural criticism does not diminish literature but rather repositions it within the complex network of meanings and symbolic tensions generated by culture.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Keywords<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Cultural criticism, implicit systems, kariaat Al fonjen, Bil Dam, society, semiotics, symbols.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u064e\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 (Cultural Criticism) \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0626 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064e \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u064f\u063a\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u064d \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0629\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646: \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062c\u0633\u0651\u062f \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0645\u064e\u0631\u064e\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>-\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/p>\n<p>-\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u061f<\/p>\n<p>-\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (\u0634\u0639\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062e\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651)\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u061f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647\u061f \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064e\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651: \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u061b \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0631\u0622\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1- \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0634 (Vincent Leitch) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651 &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644: &#8220;\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0647\u064a<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>:<\/p>\n<p>1-\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0637\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>2-\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p>3-\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a (Barhes) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 (Derrida) \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648 (Foucault)\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648. \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0634.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0631\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0631 (Arthur Asa Berger) \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0634\u062f\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\u0629&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 &#8220;\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0651\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8230;&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>. \u0641\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645: &#8220;\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0633\u0628\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 (\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627)\u060c \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 &#8220;\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0651\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8230;\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631 [\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f] \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0631\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 &#8220;\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651&#8230;\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0635\u0650\u064a\u064e\u063a\u0647&#8230;[\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651] \u0628\u0643\u0634\u0641&#8230; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0651\/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a>. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0642\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0646\u0651\u064d \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u0623\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630 &#8220;\u064a\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0645\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2- \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062a\u0649 \u0631\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p>2-\u0623<strong>-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062a<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651. \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629: \u062b\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0648 (Theodor Adorno)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0631 (Max Horkheimer)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0647 (Herbert Marcuse).<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0651\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2-\u0628- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u0631\u062f\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0637\u0631\u062d \u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0638\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u062c\u0648\u0646) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0647\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0631 (Jean Baudrillard) \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 (Hyperreality)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639:<\/p>\n<p>1-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632: \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644).<\/p>\n<p>2-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0647: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632 \u064a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>3-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0651\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0623\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>4-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0633\u062e \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651 (\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: \u0641\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0632\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629: \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0623 \u0628\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644\u0651 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629. \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p>-\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>-\u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2-\u062c-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062a (Richard Hoggart)\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 (Raymond Williams) \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0644 (Stuart Hall).<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p>\u0623-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u062c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062c-\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f-\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a: \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n<p>-\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0644: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0648\u063a\u0627\u0631\u062a: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u063a\u062f\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651: \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064e\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0623\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>1- \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f&#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1-\u0623- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u0644\u0633\u064e\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641\u064f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0644\u064f \u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a: \u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a&#8230; \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0632\u064e\u0646\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651\u064f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064e \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062a\u064e \u0634\u0647\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u064e \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064f\u0643 \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u0639\u0628\u0629\u064c<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064f\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u064c \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0628\u0651\u064f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a\u064f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0634\u0642\u064f \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064f \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u064c<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064f\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0645\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0636\u062d\u0643\u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0648\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621\u064e\u0643\u064e \u0645\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0629\u064c<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064e\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064c&#8230; \u0645\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0629\u064f \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0643.. \u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u064c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631\u064f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064c \u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0633\u064f\u0647\u064f&#8230; \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629\u064f \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0643\u064e \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u064c<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064f \u062d\u064f\u062c\u0631\u062a\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064f \u064a\u062f\u064e\u0647\u0627&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0650 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0627&#8230; \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064e \u0641\u0643\u0651\u064e \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064e\u0647\u0627&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8230; \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u064e\u0635\u0651\u0631\u062a\u064f&#8230; \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0651\u064e\u0645\u062a\u064f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u064a&#8230; \u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647\u064f \u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647\u064f \u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064e\u0643\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u064f\u0643&#8230; \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0634\u064a\u064e \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0650&#8230; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u062c\u064e\u0631\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0638\u0644\u0651\u064e \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0638\u0644\u0651\u064e \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064e \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0636\u064a\u064e \u0623\u0628\u062f\u064b\u0627&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651\u0650 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0650 \u0642\u064f\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0652<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0628\u0651\u064e \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062a&#8230;<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0650\u0639\u064e \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0652.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0644. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646\u061f \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0631\u064e\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>1-\u0628- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u064e\u0631\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0632\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: &#8220;\u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628&#8221;. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c: \u0641\u0647\u064a &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 &#8220;\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0631\u064e\u0651\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0636\u0629: \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u064e\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0651\u062e \u0646\u0645\u0637 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0633\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0631\u064d \u0645\u0631\u0635\u0648\u062f&#8230; \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628\u064c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0633\u0647&#8230; \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u062f&#8221;\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u064e\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0631\u062a\u064e\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f&#8221;. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0628\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0651\u062e \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u063a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u062c\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631. &#8220;\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062a&#8230; \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0639&#8221;. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\/ \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0651\u0627\u0647\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064d \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629\u064b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0650\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651: \u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062b\u0628\u0651\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0645\u0651\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2- \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0650\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644&#8230; \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2-\u0623-\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u064a\u0631\u064e \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u064e\u0643\u064e\u062b\u064e\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0651\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0634\u0651 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0648\u0627\u062c \u064a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0648\u0627\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f. \u062d\u0645\u0644\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u063a\u062f\u064a&#8221; \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651. \u0641\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221;\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong>2-\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0648\u0642\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f &#8220;\u063a\u062f\u064a&#8221; \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u062c\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u064f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651 &#8220;\u063a\u062f\u064a&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0631\u064e\u0648\u0651\u0650\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0643\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0646\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u062f\u0645 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0651. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062a &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u063a\u062f\u064a&#8221; \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0629&#8221;. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f (\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644 (\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a)\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0647\u064e\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0634\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064e\u0634\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p><strong>-\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645: &#8220;\u0646\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0651\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221;. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Gender)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0651)\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0640 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0639. \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629: &#8220;\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0638\u064f\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0651 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0644\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u064a\u0631) \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0636\u062d \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a\u0646: \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627&#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u062e\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u064e\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651-\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651-\u062d\u064a\u0651\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u0645\u064e\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064e\u0648\u064e\u0632\u0651\u064f\u0639\u064e\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0650\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0651\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>-\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628)\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651&#8221;\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0651\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c 17 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2003.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651 (\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0639 2\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0648 (\u062b\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631) \u0648\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0631 (\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633)\u060c <strong>\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c 2005.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a (\u062d\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a)\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2007.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631 (\u062c\u0627\u0646)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651: \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c 2008.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0628\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0631 (\u0622\u0631\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0637 1\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c 2003.<\/p>\n<p>-\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0631 (\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646)\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 &#8220;\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645&#8221;<\/strong>\u060c \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 &#8220;\u0625\u064a\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645\u0632&#8221;\u060c \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0636\u064e \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 2025.<\/p>\n<p>-\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0648\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0647: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 289\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2003.<\/p>\n<p>-\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627 (\u062c\u0627\u0643)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0650\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2012.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0639\u064a (\u0633\u0639\u062f<strong>)\u060c \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651: \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0637 3\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c 2002.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651 (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c 2000.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648 (\u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644)\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c 2005.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0642\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0631)\u060c <strong>\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0651\u0634\u0629<\/strong>\u060c 1970\u060c <em>books-library.online (AlAdkawia.net)<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0647 (\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062a)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c 1988.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0647\u0648\u0644 (\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c 2019.<\/p>\n<p>-\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632 (\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d: \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c 2007.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u00a0\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8211; \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641. \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c <strong>\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651<\/strong>: <strong>\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u06373\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c 2002\u060c \u0635 306.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0645\u0651\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u064a\u0647: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u060c <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u064c\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 289\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2003\u060c \u0635 221.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c 2000\u060c \u0635 32.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u0622\u0631\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u0645\u0647\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0637\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0651\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c 2003\u060c \u0635 30\u060c 31.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> <strong>\u0645. \u0646.<\/strong>\u060c \u0635 31.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c <\/strong>\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u060c\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633 17 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2003. \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627: \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627\u060c <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0639 2\u060c \u0645 1\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2020\u060c \u0635 68.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u2013 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2007\u060c \u0635 20 (\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0622\u0631\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u063a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c <strong>\u0645. \u0633.<\/strong>\u060c \u0635 83\u060c 84.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0633\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c <strong>\u0645. \u0633.<\/strong>\u060c \u0635 305.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062b\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0648 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0631\u060c <strong>\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c 2005\u061b \u0647\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0632\u0647\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u060c 1988.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2012\u061b \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0643\u0648\u060c <strong>\u0623\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u060c 2005\u061b \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651: \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c 2008.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631: \u0631\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0632: <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d: \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c 2007\u061b \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0644\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629\u060c 2019.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651: \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 Culture-based criticism: A Reading of Its Genesis, Significance, and Textual Manifestations \u062f. \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0631[1] Dr. Dorine Nasr \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 5\/ 7\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 30\/ 7\/2025 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u061b \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0645 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":955,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,48],"tags":[60],"class_list":["post-952","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-48","tag-60"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/952","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=952"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/952\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":960,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/952\/revisions\/960"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=952"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=952"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=952"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}