{"id":909,"date":"2025-06-25T14:55:35","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T11:55:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=909"},"modified":"2025-06-25T15:05:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T12:05:03","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%ba%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=909","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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Sleiman<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<strong>\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 24\/ 2\/2025<strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 15\/3\/ 2025<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644-\u0628\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.pdf\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Dans un contexte mondial marqu\u00e9 par des mouvements migratoires massifs, les politiques communautaires et les solutions durables sont devenues essentielles pour la gestion des migrations et de l\u2019asile. Au Liban, l&#8217;afflux de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens a mis en \u00e9vidence l&#8217;importance des variables sociales telles que le statut socio-\u00e9conomique, l&#8217;\u00e9ducation, le genre et la culture dans leur int\u00e9gration et leur r\u00e9silience. Ces variables influencent non seulement l&#8217;adaptation des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, mais aussi les perceptions et les r\u00e9actions des communaut\u00e9s locales face aux politiques migratoires.<\/p>\n<p>Cette \u00e9tude vise \u00e0 explorer comment ces variables sociales affectent l&#8217;int\u00e9gration des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Liban et dans quelle mesure elles fa\u00e7onnent les perceptions et les r\u00e9ponses des communaut\u00e9s h\u00f4tes aux politiques mises en place. Nous cherchons \u00e0 comprendre les dynamiques entre ces variables et les d\u00e9fis impos\u00e9s par les politiques migratoires dans le contexte libanais.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9tude adopte une approche mixte combinant analyses quantitatives et qualitatives. Des enqu\u00eates seront men\u00e9es aupr\u00e8s des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens dans plusieurs r\u00e9gions du Liban afin de collecter des donn\u00e9es sur leur statut socio-\u00e9conomique, leur niveau d\u2019\u00e9ducation, leur genre et leur culture. Ces donn\u00e9es seront compar\u00e9es aux perceptions des communaut\u00e9s locales, recueillies \u00e0 travers des entretiens semi-structur\u00e9s avec des membres des communaut\u00e9s h\u00f4tes ainsi qu\u2019avec des repr\u00e9sentants des autorit\u00e9s locales.<\/p>\n<p>Les r\u00e9sultats pr\u00e9liminaires indiquent que le statut socio-\u00e9conomique et le niveau d\u2019\u00e9ducation sont des facteurs d\u00e9terminants de l\u2019int\u00e9gration des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, influen\u00e7ant directement leur acc\u00e8s aux ressources et aux services. Le genre joue \u00e9galement un r\u00f4le crucial, notamment en ce qui concerne la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l\u2019emploi. De plus, la culture et les traditions des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, lorsqu\u2019elles diff\u00e8rent fortement de celles des communaut\u00e9s locales, peuvent soit faciliter, soit entraver l\u2019int\u00e9gration. Enfin, les perceptions des communaut\u00e9s locales sont souvent fa\u00e7onn\u00e9es par les politiques migratoires, avec des r\u00e9actions variables selon les exp\u00e9riences directes avec les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et la stabilit\u00e9 socio-\u00e9conomique des r\u00e9gions concern\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>Cette \u00e9tude d\u00e9montre que les variables sociales ont un impact significatif sur l\u2019int\u00e9gration des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Liban. Comprendre ces dynamiques est crucial pour d\u00e9velopper des politiques migratoires plus efficaces et favoriser une meilleure coexistence entre r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s et communaut\u00e9s h\u00f4tes. Ces r\u00e9sultats offrent des perspectives pour am\u00e9liorer les politiques communautaires de gestion des migrations et de l\u2019asile.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>Mots-cl\u00e9s<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Migration, r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens, int\u00e9gration, r\u00e9silience, variables sociales, Liban, politiques communautaires.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 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\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 (Janmyr, 2016). \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f(World Bank, 2019).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 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\u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 (Mastrorocco &amp; Sch\u00f6ps, 2018).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0646 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\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/strong>: \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u064e\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong>: \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u0651\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064f\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 <strong>150 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627<\/strong><strong>\u060c<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627 <strong>100 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong> \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u061b \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><strong>\u060c<\/strong> \u0641\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<strong> 20 \u0645\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0644\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u0637\u064f\u0631\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062b\u0644 SPSS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 (Lee &amp; al., 2020)\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c (Smith, 2019)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Kunz, 2021). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 (Hassan &amp; Thomas, 2022)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c (Miller, 2018).<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061b \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u064d\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651: \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>74 % \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651: \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u062e\u0644<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062f\u062e\u0644 67% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 200 \u0648500 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651: \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>73 \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064e\u0627: <\/strong>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632.<\/li>\n<li><strong>61 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064e\u0627: <\/strong>\u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>22<\/strong><strong> \u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064b\u0627\u0652: <\/strong>\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0651\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 41%) \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li>\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651: \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0645\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651: \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0651\u064e \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651: \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u064e\u0639\u062f 85% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0650\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><strong>94 <\/strong><strong>\u00a0% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>6 % \u0641\u0642\u0637:<\/strong> \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>0 %:<\/strong> \u00a0\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0651\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0647 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(11)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629. (12)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629. (9)<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 3 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647: &#8220;\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u061b \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0650\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 (Harb &amp; Saab, 2014)\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0639\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 (UN Women, 2017).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c (Hynie, 2018).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u061b \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 (Scholten, 2013).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0626<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0650\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u061b \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u061b \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062f\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 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\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u062c\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0630\u0649 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>References:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Amnesty International. (2019). \u00ab\u00a0<em>Le Liban et les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens : une crise prolong\u00e9e<\/em>. Rapport annuel sur la situation des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s au Liban\u00a0\u00bb. Londres : Amnesty International. p. 23.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Harb, C. &amp; Saab, R. (2014). &#8220;<em>Social Cohesion and Intergroup Relations: Syrian Refugees and Lebanese Nationals in the Bekaa and Akkar<\/em>&#8220;, Lebanon Support<\/strong>, p. 45.<\/li>\n<li>Hassan, R., &amp; Thomas, L. (2022). &#8220;<em>Gender Dynamics and Refugee Integration: Challenges and Opportunities<\/em>.&#8221; <em>International Journal of Migration and Gender Studies<\/em>, 19(2), 45-58.<\/li>\n<li>Hynie, M. (2018). &#8220;<em>The Social Determinants of Refugee Mental Health in the Post-Migration Context: A Critical Review<\/em>&#8220;. <em>Canadian Journal of Psychiatry<\/em>, 63(5), p. 303.<\/li>\n<li>Janmyr, M. (2016). <em>Precarity in Exile: The Legal Status of Syrian Refugees in Lebanon<\/em>. Refugee Survey Quarterly, 35(4), 58-78.<\/li>\n<li>Kunz, R. (2021). &#8220;<em>The Role of Socioeconomic Status in Refugee Integration: A Comparative Analysis<\/em>.&#8221; <em>Journal of Migration and Development<\/em>, 10(2), 45-60.<\/li>\n<li>Lee, M. H., Park, J., &amp; Kim, S. (2020). &#8220;<em>Education and Income: Key Factors in Refugee Integration Outcomes<\/em>.&#8221; <em>International Journal of Refugee Law<\/em>, 32(1), 23-38<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mastrorocco, D., &amp; Sch\u00f6ps, S. (2018).<\/strong> &#8220;<em>The impact of social variables on refugee integration: A comprehensive review.<\/em>&#8221; <em>International Migration Review<\/em>, 52(4), 1150-1177, p. 165.<\/li>\n<li>Miller, C. (2018). &#8220;<em>Impact of Migration Policies on Refugee Integration: A Review of Asylum and Support Programs.<\/em>&#8221; <em>Journal of Migration and Policy Studies<\/em>, 22(3), p.115.<\/li>\n<li>Scholten, P. (2013). \u201c<em>Agenda Dynamics and the Multi-Level Governance of Intractable Policy Controversies: The Case of Migrant Integration Policies in The Netherlands\u201d<\/em>. Policy Sciences, 46(3), p. 217.<\/li>\n<li>Smith, J. T. (2019). &#8220;<em>Cultural Practices and Refugee Integration: Navigating Between Tradition and Adaptation<\/em>.&#8221; <em>Journal of Cultural and Migration Studies<\/em>, 15(4), 120-135.<\/li>\n<li>(2016). &#8220;<em>Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2015<\/em>&#8220;. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. p. 28-29.<\/li>\n<li>UN Women. (2017). &#8220;<em>Gender and the Syrian Refugee Crisis<\/em>&#8220;. UN Women Discussion Paper, p. 12.<\/li>\n<li>World Bank. (2019). <em>The Welfare of Syrian Refugees: Evidence from Lebanon<\/em>. Washington, DC: World Bank. Page 32.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0626\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0645\u0648\u062f L&#8217;interaction entre les variables sociales dans l&#8217;int\u00e9gration des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s syriens au Liban et leur r\u00e9silience \u062f. \u0645\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0628\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 Dr. Mayssa Abbas Hajj Sleiman \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 24\/ 2\/2025\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 15\/3\/ 2025 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,54],"tags":[59],"class_list":["post-909","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-54","tag-59"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=909"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":912,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/909\/revisions\/912"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=909"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=909"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=909"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}