{"id":892,"date":"2025-06-25T14:49:49","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T11:49:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=892"},"modified":"2025-06-25T15:05:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T12:05:03","slug":"%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d9%91%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91%d9%86%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=892","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 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\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Dr. Lena Moussa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 20\/3\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 8\/4\/2025<\/p>\n<p><strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/\u062f\u0648\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629-\u0641\u064a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.pdf\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641. \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 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% des entreprises et contribuant significativement au PIB et \u00e0 l\u2019emploi. Au Liban, elles constituent pr\u00e8s de 85 % du secteur priv\u00e9 et sont vitales pour la r\u00e9silience \u00e9conomique, surtout durant la crise de 2019-2024, marqu\u00e9e par l\u2019effondrement mon\u00e9taire et une inflation galopante. Malgr\u00e9 ces d\u00e9fis, ces entreprises ont d\u00e9montr\u00e9 une remarquable adaptabilit\u00e9, pr\u00e9servant des emplois et soutenant les communaut\u00e9s locales.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9tude se concentre sur le Sud-Liban, notamment le village de Maghdouch\u00e9, o\u00f9 des entretiens avec des propri\u00e9taires d\u2019entreprises familiales ont r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 leur importance dans le d\u00e9veloppement local. Ces entreprises, souvent transmises sur plusieurs g\u00e9n\u00e9rations, allient traditions et modernit\u00e9, tout en favorisant la coh\u00e9sion sociale. Leur force r\u00e9side dans leur flexibilit\u00e9, leur rapidit\u00e9 de d\u00e9cision et leur engagement familial, bien qu\u2019elles puissent souffrir de conflits internes ou d\u2019une gestion \u00e9motionnelle.<\/p>\n<p>Pour assurer leur p\u00e9rennit\u00e9, une gouvernance structur\u00e9e, incluant des conseils familiaux et une planification successorale, est essentielle. Ces entreprises restent un pilier de l\u2019\u00e9conomie libanaise, mais leur avenir d\u00e9pendra de leur capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 int\u00e9grer des pratiques professionnelles tout en conservant leurs valeurs familiales.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u064d 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\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 70% \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 (IFC, 2012)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0649 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u00a0(\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648 \u0637\u0644\u062d\u0629\u060c 2020\u060c \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 3).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 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2021).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 90% \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641 80% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u00a0(PWC, Family Business survey,Family firm: A resilient model for the 21st century, 2012). \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 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\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0646&#8230; \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629. (2024). \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629: https:\/\/www.ejaba.com\/question<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a. (2018). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 https:\/\/maaal.com\/wp-<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0637\u0646\u0637\u064a\u0646. (21 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631)<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631. (2024). \u0645\u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 https:\/\/studies.aljazeera.net\/ar\/article\/5859<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0643. (22 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651. (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631)<\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646. (12 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a. (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631)<\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u062f. (8 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 Leb economy: https:\/\/lebeconomy.com\/<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0644\u062d\u0629. (2020). \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644. (2013). \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a. (2024). \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0668\u0665 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 Lebanon Economy: https:\/\/lebanoneconomy.net\/ \/<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0628. (\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631, 2020). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629: https:\/\/www.aljamila.com\/node\/<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0642. (2019). \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0624\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0651\u0641. (2021). \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0642\u0627. (2023). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629. (\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633, 2020). \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a: https:\/\/strategicfile.com\/<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0628. (2019). \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0637\u0646\u0648\u0633. (17 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631)<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0646. (17 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631)<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0631\u064a. (5 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a. (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631)<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a. (2013). \u062c\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a: \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649. (2007). \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629: https:\/\/www.alukah.net\/culture\/0\/668\/<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641. (2017). \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u0644. \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a. (18 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646, 2024). \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631)<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u062f. (2018). \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u060c \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 HEC \u2013 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627: https:\/\/www.weeportal-lb.org\/ar<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a. (2018). \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646: \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>Eugster, N. (2019). Founding family ownership, stock market returns, and agency problems. Retrieved from Journal of Banking &amp; Finance: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0378426619301670<\/p>\n<p>IFC. (2012). International Finance cooperation (IFC), 2012 &#8220;IFC Family Business Governance Handbook&#8221;. Retrieved from https;\/\/www.ifc.org\/wps\/wcm\/connect\/2c93b2cb-dec6-4819ffb-60335069cbac\/Family Business Governance Handbook.pdf? MOD=AJPERES7CVID=mskqtDE<\/p>\n<p>PWC. (2012). Family Business survey,Family firm: A resilient model for the 21st century. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.pwc.com\/gx\/en\/pwc-family-business-survey\/assets\/pwc-family-business-survey-2012.pdf<\/p>\n<p>PWC. (2021). Middle East Family Business Survey 2021,Diversifying ,investing ,digitising.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 2019-2024 Le r\u00f4le des entreprises familiales dans le d\u00e9veloppement socio-\u00e9conomique au Sud-Liban durant la crise \u00e9conomique (2019-2024) \u062f. \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 Dr. Lena Moussa \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 20\/3\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 8\/4\/2025 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":864,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,49],"tags":[59],"class_list":["post-892","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-49","tag-59"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=892"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":897,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/892\/revisions\/897"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/864"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=892"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=892"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=892"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}