{"id":875,"date":"2025-06-25T14:52:05","date_gmt":"2025-06-25T11:52:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=875"},"modified":"2025-06-25T15:05:03","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T12:05:03","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%91%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a3%d8%ab%d8%b1%d9%87%d8%a7-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%88%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=875","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1963 \u06481970"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1963 \u06481970<\/strong><\/p>\n

Political conditions and their impact on the economic conditions in Syria between 1963 and 1970<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0644<\/strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Tariq Suleiman Daboul<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623.\u062f \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627\u00a0 \u00a0\u0623.\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 20\/12\/ 2024 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 6\/1\/2025<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629: <\/strong>\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b\u060c \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

The political situation is a mirror of all aspects of life in any country\u060c which makes the economy framed within the political framework\u060c especially through legislation and laws. In Syria\u060c during the early emergence of the Baath in power\u060c many economic transformations and breakthroughs appeared with the encouragement of the political authority\u060c but there were many obstacles that appeared\u060c such that many problems and obstacles appeared in the path of economic development\u060c and the political authority was unable to overcome these obstacles.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Keywords: Syria<\/strong>\u060c<\/strong> economy\u060c politics\u060c Baath Party\u060c March\u060c industry\u060c agriculture.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

    \n
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     <\/p>\n

    2.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u064970<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    2.1 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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    \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1963 \u06481970 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

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     <\/p>\n

    2.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>3.\u00a0 \u062d\u0631\u0628 1967<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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     <\/p>\n

    3.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u063163 -70<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1963 \u06481970\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1963\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u0649 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0630\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n

    \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0651\u0637. \u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

    \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0647\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a( \u062f\u0627\u063a\u0631\u060c 2000\u060c \u06359).<\/p>\n

    3.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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    3.1.1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 <\/strong><\/h2>\n

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    \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 134 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1958\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 218 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1963 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u0650 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. (\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0648\u060c 2014\u060c \u0635 313).<\/p>\n

    \u0633\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0651\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n

    \u0645\u0646 1966 \u0625\u0644\u0649 1970\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651. (Munif\u060c Y. (2020)\u060c Chapter 4).).<\/p>\n

    \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0631\u0627\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0630\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    3.1.2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/h2>\n

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    4.\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1963 \u06481970 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/h1>\n

    -\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (2012). \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/strong> (\u06371). \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639: \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

    -\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0647\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c 4 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2001.<\/p>\n

    -\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0648\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c 2014.<\/p>\n

    -\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u060c 30 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 2021\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n

    -\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c 2003 \u060c \u0635 134.<\/p>\n

    -\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f 33 \u2013 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u0632 2000.<\/p>\n

    -\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644(2007) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 1954-1949\u0645.<\/strong> \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

    -\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1963 \u0648 1970 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u060c 21 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 2018.<\/p>\n

    -\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645(2012). \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b<\/strong>(\u06371). \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/p>\n

    -\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0646\u0627\u0646 2022 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 1948-1970 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0639<\/strong>. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u064a\u0636\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/p>\n

    -\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u060c \u0633\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0627\u064a\u0627\u0631 2020\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n

    -\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0645\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0644\u0629 (2009). \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 1958-1973 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642.<\/p>\n

    -\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0633 (1995). \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627<\/strong> (\u06371) \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n

    -\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649(2007) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n

    -\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f(1999). \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/strong>. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a<\/p>\n

    -\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0646\u060c 23-10-2014.<\/p>\n

    -\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633(1999) \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 1999\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 18.<\/p>\n