{"id":744,"date":"2025-03-27T17:23:58","date_gmt":"2025-03-27T14:23:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=744"},"modified":"2025-06-12T15:39:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-12T12:39:24","slug":"%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%91%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a5%d8%b4%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=744","title":{"rendered":"&#8220;\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0633&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631&#8221; \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>&#8220;\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0633&#8221;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631&#8221; \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><strong>[1]<\/strong><\/a><strong> \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>\u201cThe dialectic of history and memory and the dilemma of gendering\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>in the book \u201cAs a hurricane\u201d by Jean Abdallah Touma as a sample<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062f.\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><strong>[2]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Dr. Houda Ali Eid<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 2\/9\/ 2024 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 20\/9\/2024<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629.pdf\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0651\u0635<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0635\u0651\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0651\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0630\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0635\u0650\u064a\u063a\u062a\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064e \u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0628\u062a (\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\/ \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621 -\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646- \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0645\u0627)\u060c \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u00a0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062e\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0637 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u064e\u062d\u064f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0641\u0631\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626\/ \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\/ \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0648\u0635\u061f \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0634\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629\u061f \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a- \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629- \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">This research seeks to investigate the manifestations of the fusion of life and artistic experiences, in the book &#8220;As a Hurricane&#8221; by Jean Abdallah Touma, based on the diversity of psychological, social, and linguistic material that supplemented the conditions of the narrated ego in its reflections, narrative discourse, and the form taken by its contents.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">In some of the texts in his book, the author adopts the forms of\u00a0&#8220;memoirs&#8221; and &#8220;diaries,&#8221; transforming them into a subject, and a way to reveal the reflections of the self, introduce its relationships, and its existential journey between life and death. By selecting the place\/source (Tripoli-Lebanon the port and its vicinity), as a starting point, the author benefits from the approach of the literary text relying on the duality of the inside and the outside through a text of different identity and style given that it emanates from his intimate personal history, yet escapes from closing in on the self.\u00a0\u00a0 Thus, he asks both the individual\u00a0reader\u00a0and the collective reader\u00a0to share their personal experiences with the human and artistic dimensions.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">The problem arises in enquiring about the authorship of this text(s), and about the possibility of establishing its literature based on its work mechanisms and its effective references. As for the method adopted in this research, it is the inductive analytical approach and its basis is the semiotic structural narrative.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Keywords: Memoirs &#8211; diaries &#8211; literary &#8211; reference &#8211; semiotics &#8211; hermeneutics<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong>\u062a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0651\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a>Jean-Jacques Rousseau \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a&#8221; \u00a0Les\u00a0 Confessions\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0651\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0648\u0651\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064f \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0644\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0637\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645&#8221; (1929)\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 &#8220;\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641&#8221; (1937)\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a&#8221; (1950)\u061b \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 &#8220;\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0651\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f.<strong> \u0644\u0643\u0646 <\/strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u064e\u0648\u0650\u064a\u064e. \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064f\u0648. \u0648\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u064c: \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u064c \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u064c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629: &#8220;\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629) \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>. (\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064e \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631).<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a>\u201cIdentit\u00e9: Ce qui fait q\u2019une chose est de m\u00eame nature q\u2019une autre\u201d \u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0644\u0627\u062d: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062e\u0635 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629). \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u061b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a: &#8220;\u0647\u064f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u0651\u0635\u064f\u0647 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0651\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b: \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u06371\u060c 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u062e\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\/ \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1412\u0647- 1993\u0645.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c 1973.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631\u060c 2007.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0634\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 ( \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c \u06371\u060c 2011.<\/li>\n<li>\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651&#8230; \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u06371\u060c 2019.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u06371\u060c 2007<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0631\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628. \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\/ \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062c\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u060c 1996\u060c \u0635227.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c 1974.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c 2012\u060c<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u06371\u060c 2008.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f: \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c 1929\u060c \u063521.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629- \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062c\u064b\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0633\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u0637.1\u060c 1989<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1983.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 ( \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0637.2\u060c 1990\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0647\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u2013 (\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0634\u0629)-\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u06371\u060c 2008.<\/li>\n<li>\u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0625\u0645\u064a\u0644\u060c <strong>\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647<\/strong>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0633\u060c \u06371\u060c 2006.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0629<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00a0\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0644\u060c\u00a0 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0631. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631\u060c 1997.<\/li>\n<li>\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0634\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631. \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629 1979\u060c \u0635. 60.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Philippe le Jeune: Le pacte autobiographique ,\u00e9dition Seuil, collection\u00a0: po\u00e9tique, Paris 1975.<\/li>\n<li>Petit Larousse illustr\u00e9. Librairie Larousse. Rue de Montparnasse. Paris. 1977<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631: \u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u062c 8\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f1\u060c 2022.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062c\u0645 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u062c4\u060c 2003.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0644\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u063737\u060c 2003.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0628\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u06371\u060c 2009<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c\u0645\u062c1\u060c \u06371\u060c 1304\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646- \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062a. &#8211; \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u06374\u060c 2004.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.almaany.com\">almaany.com<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/artpress.ma\/article\/8612\">https:\/\/artpress.ma\/article\/8612<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0621- \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633-[1] \u00a0\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064d\u060c \u00a0\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 (2001)\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627- \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633 \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2011\u060c \u00a0\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062f\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629.\u00a0\u062d\u064e\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0641\u0644\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u060c\u00a0\u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0623\u064f\u062f\u0631\u062c\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 &#8221; \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0645&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 2023.<\/p>\n<p><strong>houdaeid@hotmail.com<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062f\u0649 \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u06371\u060c 2022.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u00a0\u064a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a- \u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0633 Claude L\u00e9vi-Strauss\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651:&#8221; \u062a\u0646\u064b\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0645: \u062a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641 Todorov \u0648\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0633 Greimas. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u064b\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0627&#8221;\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a: \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629- \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062c\u064b\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0633\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u0637.1\u060c 1989\u060c\u00a0 \u0635. 109.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u0648 Jean-Jacques Rousseau( 1712-1778) \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0651 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1789. ( \u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0628\u0644\u060c \u060c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628. \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\/ \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062c\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u060c 1996\u060c \u0635227).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u00a0\u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a: \u0634\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/artpress.ma\/article\/8612\">https:\/\/artpress.ma\/article\/8612<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022\/ \u062a\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 18 \u06432 2023\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0\u0623\u0628\u0648\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0645\u062c4\u060c 2003\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0629 ( \u0647\u064e \u0648\u064a\u064e ).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> Petit Larousse illustr\u00e9. 1977.Librairie Larousse. Rue de Montparnasse. 114.Paris 19<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u06372\u060c 2009\u060c \u06352.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a>\u00a0 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f: \u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u060c 1929\u060c \u063521.<\/p>\n<p>* \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 339\u0647- 950\u0645). \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0623\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642\u060c \u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0647 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0644. ( \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0648\u0646\u062e\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c\u060c 1412\u0647- 1993\u0645\u060c\u00a0 \u0635 127-128)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633 Karl Marx (1818- 1883) \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a: \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0634\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631. \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c 1979\u060c \u0635. 60.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c1973\u060c \u0635 3.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0648\u0637\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 S\u00e9miotique &#8211; S\u00e9miologie \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0631 F. de Saussure: \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0633:&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a&#8221;. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u064b\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a: \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646- \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631\u060c \u06371\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a. \u0635. 22.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a>\u00a0 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651 ( \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0637.2\u060c 1990\u0645\u060c \u0635. 72.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.almaany.com\">www.almaany.com<\/a> \u062a\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 29 \u06432 2023.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u00a0\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u0631. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631\u060c 1997\u060c \u0635 90.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631\u060c 2007\u060c \u0635 32.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0633\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c\u06451\u060c \u06371\u060c 1304\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0629: \u0633 \u064a \u0631\u060c \u0635 387.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645.\u0633. \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0633 \u064a \u0631\u060c \u0635 451.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u06374\u060c 2004\u060c \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0635 465.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\"><\/a>21 Philippe Le jeune french literature at the\u00a0 Universit\u00e9 Paris-Nord until 2004. His work focuses on autobiography ( Le Pacte autobiographique: 1975, Les Brouillons de soi: 1998, Signes de vie: 2005). Shs.cairn. info<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> Philippe Lejeune : Le pacte autobiographique, \u00e9dition Seuil, collection\u00a0: po\u00e9tique, Paris 1975, p14.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u00a0\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u06371\u060c 1983\u060c \u0635114.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u00a0\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062f.\u0637.\u060c 1974\u060c \u0635 31.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651&#8230;\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u060c \u06371\u060c 2019\u060c \u0635 301.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u060c \u06371\u060c 2007\u060c \u0635 95. \u00a0\u00a0.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0638 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\/ \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646\/ \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651.\u00a0 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a: \u0634\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/artpress.ma\/article\/8612\">https:\/\/artpress.ma\/article\/8612<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a 23 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 2022\/ \u062a\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a 18 \u06432 2023<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> \u00a0\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651&#8230; \u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645.\u0633. \u0635 299.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref30\" name=\"_ftn30\">[30]<\/a> \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u0651\u060c \u0645\u062c 8\u060c \u0639\u062f\u062f1\u060c 2022\u060c \u0635 533.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref31\" name=\"_ftn31\">[31]<\/a> \u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635 31.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref32\" name=\"_ftn32\">[32]<\/a> \u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633. \u0635 233.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref33\" name=\"_ftn33\">[33]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646. \u0635 106<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref34\" name=\"_ftn34\">[34]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646: \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c 2008\u060c \u0635 131.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref35\" name=\"_ftn35\">[35]<\/a> \u00a0\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0647\u0648\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u2013 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c 2008\u060c \u0635 23<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref36\" name=\"_ftn36\">[36]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646. \u0635 29<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref37\" name=\"_ftn37\">[37]<\/a> \u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633. \u0635 52<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref38\" name=\"_ftn38\">[38]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646. \u0635 43.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref39\" name=\"_ftn39\">[39]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646. \u0635 37<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref40\" name=\"_ftn40\">[40]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646. \u0635 38<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref41\" name=\"_ftn41\">[41]<\/a> \u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633. \u0635 40<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref42\" name=\"_ftn42\">[42]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646. \u0635 63-64<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref43\" name=\"_ftn43\">[43]<\/a> \u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645.\u0633. \u0635265.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref44\" name=\"_ftn44\">[44]<\/a> \u00a0\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c 2012\u060c \u0635 12.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0646\u064a\u0633&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8221; \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0631&#8221; \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627[1] \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u201cThe dialectic of history and memory and the dilemma of gendering\u201d in the book \u201cAs a hurricane\u201d by Jean Abdallah Touma as a sample \u062f.\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u064a\u062f[2] Dr. Houda Ali Eid \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 2\/9\/ 2024 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 20\/9\/2024 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":719,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,48],"tags":[58],"class_list":["post-744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-48","tag-58"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=744"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":827,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/744\/revisions\/827"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/719"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}