{"id":662,"date":"2025-01-08T23:40:49","date_gmt":"2025-01-08T20:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=662"},"modified":"2025-01-09T00:01:40","modified_gmt":"2025-01-08T21:01:40","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%91%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%8a%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ac%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%88%d9%91","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=662","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627: <\/strong><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Discourse, Power, and Ideology: Poststructuralism&#8217;s Turns <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062f. \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u064a\u0644<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>)<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>D<\/strong><strong>r<\/strong><strong>. Camille Mikhael<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 3\/9\/2024 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 20\/9\/2024<\/p>\n<p><strong><sup>\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>1<\/strong><strong>. \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 <\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f 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\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647. \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d<\/strong>: \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0639\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211;<\/strong><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This research studies the relation among discourse, power, and Ideology after Poststructuralism&#8217;s Turns and it assumes that the practice of power and discourse is of discursive property, and its efficiency relates to the discursive performance of a political official or any other official. The interdisciplinary method along side the critical one used by the critical discourse analysis approach are being applied in this research. This method has highlighted many subtle issues that are related to the study of discourse. The findings clarify that the discourse of power does not relate only to a political official in political institution but to every person who has realized the role of the contemporary ideology and its underlying basis of the political and sociological regime. Moreover, different goals, and sometimes contradictory ones, can be achieved by exploiting ideology, particularly when accompanied by discourse.<\/p>\n<p><strong>&#8211; <\/strong><strong>Keywords<\/strong>: discourse, power, ideology, knowledge, critical, practices, legitimization, soft power, populism<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 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href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 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name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0650\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u064a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627\u061b \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 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name=\"_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u063a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 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href=\"#_ftn23\" name=\"_ftnref23\">[23]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 (Top-Down)\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn24\" name=\"_ftnref24\">[24]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0628.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn25\" name=\"_ftnref25\">[25]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 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\u0644\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f 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\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0651\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn32\" name=\"_ftnref32\">[32]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0641 (Norman Fairclough) \u00a0\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c 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name=\"_ftnref57\">[57]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062f\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0631\u062d\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u064a\u0648\u0641 (\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a 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\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 1<\/strong>:\u00a0 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f 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\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.1.5 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0621\u060c \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0640\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn63\" name=\"_ftnref63\">[63]<\/a>)<\/sup>. \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0633\u0646\u0646\u0641\u0642 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 700 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u00a0\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646: (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629) \u0648(\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645&#8230;). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0635\u060c \u0632\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0631\u0645\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u061f\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u061f \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p>(\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629)\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 2<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 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\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629: (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0626\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0632\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0627\u0642)\u061b \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 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\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a\u0629<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn73\" name=\"_ftnref73\">[73]<\/a>)<\/sup>:<\/p>\n<table width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 3<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627<\/strong>: \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629&#8230;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/strong>: \u0623\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062e\u0637\u0641 \u0641\u062a\u0627\u0629&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0632\u0639\u0632\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646&#8230;<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645<\/strong>: \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062c\u062c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0636<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn74\" name=\"_ftnref74\">[74]<\/a>) <\/sup>\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061b \u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0643\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0634\u0639\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062b\u0651\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0651 \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644)\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627)\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u062f\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062c\u0651\u062c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651 (Practical Reasoning)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn75\" name=\"_ftnref75\">[75]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062c\u0623 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0641\u0644 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0650\u0640 (\u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645\u064a<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn77\" name=\"_ftnref77\">[77]<\/a>)<\/sup>\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 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\u0648\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645 4<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p>1.\u00a0 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 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width=\"100%\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong> \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 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\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645: \u0633\u0646\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0636\u062d\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"20\">\n<li><strong>20<\/strong>. \u0634\u0643\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0645. \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0634\u0643\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627. (\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0642)<sup>(<a href=\"#_ftn79\" name=\"_ftnref79\">[79]<\/a>)<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064a (2005) &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 5\u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0635 113-114.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 (2012) &#8220;\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c <strong>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0645 20\u060c \u0639 2\u060c \u0635 295-326.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li>Canovan, Margaret (2001) \u201cPopulism\u201d, In Paul B. Clarke &amp; Joe Foweraker (eds) <em>Encyclopedia of Democratic Thought<\/em>, London: Routledge, pp. 679-674.<\/li>\n<li>Cappelen, Herman &amp; Dever, Josh (2016) <em>Context and Communication<\/em>. Oxford: Oxford University Press.<\/li>\n<li>Cialdini, Robert B. (2007) <em>Influence: The Pscyhology of Persuasion<\/em>. USA: Collins Business.<\/li>\n<li>De Beaugrande, Robert &amp; Dressler, Wolfgang (1981) <em>Introduction to Text Linguistics<\/em>. London: Longman.<\/li>\n<li>Enani, Mohammad (1996) <em>Modern Literary Terms: A Study and A Dictionary English-Arabic<\/em>. Beirut: Librairie du Liban.<\/li>\n<li>Engle, Randall W. (2002) \u201cWorking Memory Capacity as Executive Attention\u201d, <em>Current Directions in Psychological Science 11<\/em>: 19-23.<\/li>\n<li>Fairclough, Isabela &amp; Fairclough, Norman (2011) \u201cPractical Reasoning in Political Discourse: The UK Government\u2019s Response to the Economic Crisis in the 2008 Pre-Budget Report\u201d, <em>Discourse and Society 22(3)<\/em>: 243-268.<\/li>\n<li>Fairclough, Norman (1995) <em>Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of Language<\/em>. London: Routledge.<\/li>\n<li>Fairclough, Norman (2003) <em>Discourse Analysis: Textual Analysis for Social Research<\/em>. London:<\/li>\n<li>Fairclough, Norman (2013) <em>Critical Discourse Analysis: The Critical Study of<\/em> <em>Language<\/em>. London: Routledge.<\/li>\n<li>Fairclough, Norman; Jane Mulderrig; Ruth Wodak (2011) \u201cCritical Discourse<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Analysis\u201d, In Teun A. Van Dijk (ed) <em>Discourse Studies: A Multidisciplinary<\/em> <em>Introduction<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 357-378.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"14\">\n<li>Foucault, Michel (1980) <em>Power\/Knowledge: Selected Interviews and Other Writings 1972-1977<\/em>. New York: Pantheon Books.<\/li>\n<li>Foucault, Michel (1982) \u201cThe Subject and Power\u201d, <em>Critical Inquiry<\/em> 8(4): 777-795.<\/li>\n<li>Foucault, Michel (1998) <em>The History of Sexuality: An Introduction<\/em>. New York: Pantheon Books.<\/li>\n<li>Foucault, Michel (2002) <em>The Archeology of Knowledge<\/em>. New York: Pantheon Books.<\/li>\n<li>Fowler, Roger &amp; Kress, Gunther (2019) \u201cRules and Regulations\u201d, In Roger Fowler et al. (eds) <em>Language and Control<\/em>, London: Routledge, pp. 26-45.<\/li>\n<li>Fyke, Jeremy P. (2017) \u201cPower in Language\u201d, In Mike Allen (ed) <em>The Sage Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods<\/em>, London: Sage Publications 3, pp. 1314-1317.<\/li>\n<li>Gaventa, John &amp; Cornwall, Andrea (2008) \u201cPower and Knowledge\u201d, In Peter Reason &amp; Hilary Bradbury (eds) <em>The Sage Handbook of Action Research: Participative Inquiry and Practice<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 172-189.<\/li>\n<li>Giroux, Henry A. (2003) <em>The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear<\/em>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Haidar, Julieta &amp; Rodr\u00edguez, Lidia (2005) \u201cPower and Ideology in Different Discursive Practices\u201d, In Christina Sch\u00e4ffner &amp; Anita L. Wenden (eds) <em>Language and Peace<\/em>, Amsterdam: Harwood Academic Publishers, pp. 121-138.<\/li>\n<li>Hall, Edawrd T. (1959) <em>The Silent Language<\/em>. New York: Doubleday.<\/li>\n<li>Hall, Stuart (1992) \u201cThe West and the Rest: Discourse and Power\u201d, In Stuart Hall &amp; Bram Gieben (eds) <em>Formations of Modernity<\/em>, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, pp. 275-331.<\/li>\n<li>Hall, Stuart (2001) \u201cFoucault: Power Knowledge and Discourse\u201d, In Margaret Wetherell, Stephanie Taylor &amp; Simeon J. Yates (eds) <em>Discourse Theory and Practice: A Reader<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 72-81.<\/li>\n<li>Hardy, Cynthia &amp; Phillips, Nelson (2004) \u201cDiscourse and Power\u201d, In David Grant et al. (eds) <em>The Sage Handbook of Organizational Discourse<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 299-316.<\/li>\n<li>Haugaard, Mark &amp; Clegg, Stewart R. (2009) \u201cIntroduction: Why Power is the Central Concept of the Social Science\u201d, In Stewart R. Clegg &amp; Mark Haugaard<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>(eds) <em>The Sage Handbook of Power<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 1-24.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"28\">\n<li>Haugaard, Mark (2010) \u201cReflections on Seven Ways of Creating Power\u201d, In Stewart R. Clegg (ed) <em>Sage Directions in Organization Studies<\/em>, London: Sage<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Publications 4, pp. 155-182.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"29\">\n<li>Holyoak, Keith J. (2012) \u201cAnalogy and Relational Reasoning\u201d, In Keith J. Holyoak &amp; Robert G. Morrison (eds) <em>The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning<\/em>, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 234-259.<\/li>\n<li>Hung Ng, Sik (2011) \u201cLanguage and Power\u201d, In Keith Dowding (ed) <em>Encyclopedia of Power<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 371-372.<\/li>\n<li>J\u00f8rgensen, Marianne &amp; Phillips, Louise (2002) <em>Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method<\/em>. London: Sage Publications.<\/li>\n<li>Kahneman, Daniel (2013) <em>Thinking Fast and Slow<\/em>. New York: Farrar Straus and Giroux.<\/li>\n<li>Leezenberg, Michiel (2013) \u201cPower in Speech Actions\u201d, In Marina Sbis\u00e0 &amp; Ken Turner (eds) <em>Pragmatics of Speech Actions<\/em>, Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, pp. 287-312.<\/li>\n<li>Lukes, Steven (2005) <em>Power: A Radical View<\/em>. Houndmills: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Male\u0161evi\u0107, Sini\u0161a (2011) \u201cIdeology\u201d, In Keith Dowding (ed) <em>Encyclopedia of Power<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 333-339.<\/li>\n<li>Martin, Judith N. &amp; Nakyama, Thomas K. (2010) <em>Intercultural Communication in Contexts<\/em>. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.<\/li>\n<li>Martin, Judith N. &amp; Nakayama, Thomas K. (2018) <em>Experiencing Intercultural Communication: An Introduction<\/em>. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.<\/li>\n<li>Mayr, Andrea (2008) <em>Language and Power: An Introduction to Institutional Discourse<\/em>. London: Continuum.<\/li>\n<li>Nye Jr., Joseph S. (2008) \u201cPublic Diplomacy and Soft Power&#8221;, <em>AAPSS<\/em>, 616(1): 94-109.<\/li>\n<li>Reyes, Antonio (2011) \u201cStrategies of Legitimization in Political Discourse: From Words to Action\u201d, <em>Discourse and Society 22(6)<\/em>: 781-807.<\/li>\n<li>Scollon, Ron &amp; Scollon, Suzanne W. (2001) <em>Intercultural Communication: A Discourse Approach<\/em>. Malden: Blackwell Publishers.<\/li>\n<li>Scruton, Roger (2007) <em>The Palgrave Macmillan Dictionary of Political Thought<\/em>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.<\/li>\n<li>Torfing, Jacob (2011) \u201cDiscourse\u201d, In Keith Dowding (ed) <em>Encyclopedia of Power<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 191-196.<\/li>\n<li>Van Dijk, Teun A. (1993) \u201cPrinciples of Critical Discourse Analysis\u201d, <em>Discourse and Society<\/em> 4(2): 249-283.<\/li>\n<li>Van Dijk, Teun A. (1997) \u201cWhat is Political Discourse Analysis?\u201d, <em>Belgian<\/em> <em>Journal<\/em><em> of<\/em> <em>Linguistics 11<\/em>, pp. 11-52.<\/li>\n<li>Van Dijk, Teun A. (2001) \u201cMultidisciplinary CDA: A Plea for Diversity\u201d, In Ruth<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Wodak &amp; Michael Meyer (eds) <em>Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 95-120.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"47\">\n<li>Van Dijk, Teun A. (2009) \u201cCritical Discourse Studies: A Sociocognitive Approach\u201d, In Ruth Wodak &amp; Michael Meyer (eds) <em>Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis<\/em>, London: Sage Publications: 62-85.<\/li>\n<li>Van Dijk, Teun A. (2011) \u201cDiscourse and Ideology\u201d, In Teun A. Van Dijk (ed) <em>Discourse<\/em> <em>Studies: A Multidisciplinary Introduction<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, pp. 379-407.<\/li>\n<li>Van Dijk, Teun A. (2011) \u201cDiscourse Knowledge Power and Politics: Towards Critical Epistemic Discourse Analysis\u201d, In Christopher Hart (ed) <em>Critical Discourse studies in Context and Cognition<\/em>, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing, pp. 27-64.<\/li>\n<li>Van Dijk, Teun A. (2015) \u201cCritical Discourse Analysis\u201d, In Deborah Tannen, Heidi E. Hamilton &amp; Deborah Schiffrin (eds) <em>The<\/em> <em>Handbook of Discourse Analysis<\/em>, Oxford: Wiley Blackwell 1, pp. 466-485.<\/li>\n<li>Wareing, Sh\u00e2n S. (2004) \u201cWhat is Language and What Does it Do?\u201d, In Ishtla Singh &amp; Jean Stilwell Peccei (eds) <em>Language Society and Power: An Introduction<\/em>, London: Routledge, pp. 1-15.<\/li>\n<li>Watson, Matt (2017) \u201cPlacing Power in Practice Theory\u201d, In Allison Hui, Theodore Schatzki &amp; Elizabeth Shove (eds) <em>The Nexus of Practices: Connections Constellations Practitioners<\/em>, London: Routledge, pp. 169-182.<\/li>\n<li>Waugh, Linda R. et al. 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(2009) \u201cHow Power Can Be Tamed?\u201d, In Dean Tjosvold &amp; Barbara Wisse (eds) <em>Power and Interdependence in Organizations<\/em>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 33-51.<\/li>\n<li>Wodak, Ruth (2002) \u201cAspects of Critical Discourse Analysis\u201d, <em>ZfAL<\/em> 36: 5-31.<\/li>\n<li>Wodak, Ruth &amp; Meyer, Michael (2009) \u201cCritical Discourse Analysis: History Agenda Theory and Methodology\u201d, In Ruth Wodak &amp; Michael Meyer (eds) <em>Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis<\/em>, London: Sage Publications.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol start=\"57\">\n<li>https:\/\/sy.usembassy.gov\/ar\/ \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 72 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 (Accessed 1 March 2021)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>)) \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\"><\/a>)[2]( Winter, David G. (2009) \u201cHow Power Can Be Tamed?\u201d, In Dean Tjosvold &amp; Barbara Wisse (eds) <em>Power and Interdependence in Organizations<\/em>, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 33.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\"><\/a>([3]( Martin, Judith N. &amp; Nakayama, Thomas K. (2018) <em>Experiencing Intercultural Communication: An Introduction<\/em>. New York:\u00a0 McGraw-Hill Education, p. 54.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\"><\/a>)[4]( Foucault, Michel (1982) \u201cThe Subject and Power\u201d, <em>Critical Inquiry 8(4)<\/em>, p. 781.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\"><\/a>)[5]( Fairclough, Norman; Jane Mulderrig; Ruth Wodak (2011) \u201cCritical Discourse Analysis\u201d, In Teun A. Van Dijk (ed) <em>Discourse Studies: A Multidisciplinary Introduction<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, p. 357.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\"><\/a>)[6]( Van Dijk, Teun A. (2001) \u201cMultidisciplinary CDA: A Plea for Diversity\u201d, In Ruth Wodak &amp; Michael Meyer (eds) <em>Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, p. 96.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\"><\/a>)[7]( J\u00f8rgensen, Marianne &amp; Phillips, Louise (2002) <em>Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method<\/em>. London: Sage Publications, p. 61.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\"><\/a>)[8]( Fowler, Roger &amp; Kress, Gunther (2019) \u201cRules and Regulations\u201d, In Roger Fowler et al. (eds) <em>Language and Control<\/em>, London: Routledge, p. 26.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\"><\/a>)[9]( Foucault, Michel (1998) <em>The History of Sexuality: An Introduction<\/em>. New York: Pantheon Books, p. 100.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\"><\/a>)[10]( Hardy, Cynthia &amp; Phillips, Nelson (2004) \u201cDiscourse and Power\u201d, In David Grant et al. 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Van Dijk (ed) <em>Discourse Studies: A Multidisciplinary<\/em><em> Introduction<\/em>, London: Sage Publications, p. 396.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref74\" name=\"_ftn74\">[74]<\/a>) ) \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u064a (2005) &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a (\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629)\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 5<\/strong>\u060c <strong>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0635 114.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref75\" name=\"_ftn75\"><\/a>)[75]( Fairclough, Isabela \u00a0&amp; Fairclough, Norman (2011) \u201cPractical Reasoning in Political Discourse: The UK Government\u2019s Response to the Economic Crisis in the 2008 Pre-Budget Report\u201d, <em>Discourse and Society 22(3)<\/em>, p. 246.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref76\" name=\"_ftn76\"><\/a>)[76]( Giroux, Henry A. (2003) <em>The Abandoned Generation: Democracy Beyond the Culture of Fear<\/em>. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, p. 5.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref77\" name=\"_ftn77\"><\/a>)[77]( Martin, Judith N. &amp; Nakyama, Thomas K. (2010) <em>Intercultural Communication in Contexts<\/em>. New York:\u00a0 McGraw-Hill Education. pp. 133-146.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref78\" name=\"_ftn78\"><\/a>([78]) \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref79\" name=\"_ftn79\"><\/a>)[79]( \u00a0https:\/\/sy.usembassy.gov\/ar\/\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 72 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 (Accessed\u00a0 1 March 2021)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627: \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 Discourse, Power, and Ideology: Poststructuralism&#8217;s Turns \u062f. \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u064a\u0644([1]) Dr. Camille Mikhael \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 3\/9\/2024 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 20\/9\/2024 \u00a0 1. \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":658,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,48],"tags":[57],"class_list":["post-662","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-48","tag-57"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/662","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=662"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/662\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":665,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/662\/revisions\/665"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/658"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=662"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=662"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=662"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}