{"id":629,"date":"2024-09-12T11:47:56","date_gmt":"2024-09-12T08:47:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=629"},"modified":"2024-09-12T11:53:11","modified_gmt":"2024-09-12T08:53:11","slug":"%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%91%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=629","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Between Religion and Ethics<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Samar Sami Bahmad<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0646\/ \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Jinan University<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 15\/3\/2024\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u00a0 25\/3\/2024<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0651\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0639\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644. \u0648\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 : \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642- \u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a\u0631- \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639<\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Abstract<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This research aims to explore the relationship between religion and ethics in a time filled with diverse opinions, varied perspectives, and increasing conflicts. I believe that much of the suffering in the Eastern countries, such as excommunicating people over religious or sectarian differences, and the conflict, violence, and bloodshed, partly stems from a misguided longing for heavenly beauty and a failure to appreciate the human values it bestows upon us. It is up to us to understand and embrace the beauty, truth, and good that these heavens offer. Through this research, I have sought to highlight the deep connection between ethics and religion.<\/p>\n<p>Keywords: Religion\/Ethics\/Atoning\/ conflict<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0651\u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. &#8220;\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u0650 \u0645\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064f\u0644\u0642&#8230; \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642&#8230; \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627&#8230; \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639&#8230; \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639. \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0651&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>\u060c \u0648\u062b\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0623\u0641\u0633\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a>. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0643\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0651\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&#8220;\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0651\u0643\u0643 \u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0651\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0635\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0623\u0648 \u0632\u0644\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0626\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062d\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0644\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0628\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062d\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0651\u0643\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064d \u062a\u0639\u0633\u064d \u064a\u0643\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u064a\u0638\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0631\u064f \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u061b \u0631\u0623\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u063a\u0646\u064b\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641\u064e \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0647 .<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0632\u0644\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0646\u0651\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062c\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0645\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p>1- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645<\/p>\n<p>2- \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p>1- \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a (\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646) \u060c\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0651\u062d\u0629\u060c 2008.<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p>1-\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u063710\u060c\u00a0 1985.<\/p>\n<p>2- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0651\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642-\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u06371\u060c 2016 .<\/p>\n<p>3-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0651\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0651\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0651\u060c\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639\u00a0\u00a0 8813\/1990.<\/p>\n<p>4-\u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0631\u060c\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c1994.<\/p>\n<p>5-\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647\u060c\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c1999.<\/p>\n<p>6-\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c\u00a0 2015.<\/p>\n<p>7- \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0636\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c1988.<\/p>\n<p>8- \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0639 (\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646 \u0622\u062f\u0645) \u060c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c1975.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0627:\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<p>1- \u00a0\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c 1984.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0635. 16-17\u060c \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 8313\/ 1990.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u00a0\u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c\u00a0 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a 1994\u060c \u0635.19<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0639 ( \u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0646 \u0622\u062f\u0645)\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c 1975\u060c \u0635 54 \u2013 55.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 41<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u0627\u064a\u0648\u060c 4\u060c7.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c\u062c\u0640 10\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0628&#8221;\u062e\u0644\u0642&#8221;\u060c\u063586.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u00a0\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c 2015\u060c \u06351(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u00a0\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 1999\u060c \u0635. 15-16<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> \u00a0\u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c \u0635235.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0648\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642-\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u06371\u060c 2016 \u0635. 55-56<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u00a0\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c 1985\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635.3.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u00a0\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u060c \u0645. \u0633. \u0635. 23<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 11-12.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c\u00a0 \u0645. \u0633\u060c\u063531.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\"><\/a>\u00a0\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 79. [15]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0645. \u0633. \u0635. 77-78<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\"><\/a>\u00a0\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u064a\u0629 199. [17]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u00a0\u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645.\u0633\u060c\u063526 -27.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0636\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642\u060c\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c1988\u060c \u0635.17<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u060c\u0646\u060c \u063524-25.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> \u00a0\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062d\u0627\u062d2:20.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\"><\/a>\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 2: 14-15. [22]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\">[23]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0649 22\u060c37\u060c39<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> \u00a0\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0629 13<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> \u00a0\u0635\u0639\u0628\u060c \u0623\u062f\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645.\u0633 \u063527.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\">[26]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0649 35:12<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0649 34:12<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\">[28]<\/a> \u00a0\u0628\u0631\u063a\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c1984 \u0635.7-8-21<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\">[29]<\/a> \u00a0\u0645.\u0646.\u0635. 22- 23-24<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 Between Religion and Ethics \u0633\u0645\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0645\u062f Samar Sami Bahmad \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0646\/ \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 Jinan University \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 15\/3\/2024\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u00a0 25\/3\/2024 \u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0651\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":581,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,50],"tags":[56],"class_list":["post-629","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-50","tag-56"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=629"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":630,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/629\/revisions\/630"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/581"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=629"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=629"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=629"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}