{"id":1070,"date":"2026-01-01T17:01:25","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T14:01:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=1070"},"modified":"2026-01-01T17:45:12","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T14:45:12","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%91%d9%81%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%91%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%91-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%a6%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=1070","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>(\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>The Future of Critical Thinking in the Digital Educational Environment<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>(<\/strong><strong>A Critical Approach to the Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence and Critical Pedagogy<\/strong><strong>)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u062f. \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0646<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Michel Aoun, Ph.D<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 1\/ 9\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 5\/10\/2025<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a.pdf\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Abstract:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">(AI) as one of the major outcomes of the digital revolution. Within these transformations, the question of critical thinking emerges with urgency: can critical thinking, as a fundamental educational value, endure within a digital and increasingly automated learning environment? This paper aims to critically examine this issue by exploring the dialectical relationship between critical pedagogy and AI, based on the assumption that technology carries both enormous opportunities and significant epistemic, philosophical, and ethical risks. The study adopts an analytical\u2013critical methodology, drawing on contemporary philosophical and educational literature, while also engaging with the practical realities of digital education. The findings suggest that the future of critical thinking depends on reconstructing a critical pedagogical model capable of integrating AI without surrendering to its algorithmic logic, emphasizing the teacher\u2019s role as a critical mediator and the learner\u2019s role as a historical agent responsible for meaning-making rather than passive knowledge consumption.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Keywords: <\/strong>Artificial Intelligence, Critical Thinking, Critical Pedagogy, Digital Education, Educational Automation, Philosophy of Education.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h1>\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0649 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\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a (Facione, 1990) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0636\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627\u060c 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\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0651\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0651. \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Lipman, 2003)\u060c \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0628\u200c- <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Critical Pedagogy) \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u062b\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a (Freire, 1970) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064d \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647. \u062a\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 (Critical Consciousness)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064a (Banking Education)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 (Giroux, 2011). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651&#8221; \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0633 (Habermas, 1984) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064a&#8221; \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0651 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0651 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f&#8221; \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u062a\u200c- <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 (AI) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0651\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0630\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 (OECD, 2023) \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a (Machine Learning) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 (Natural Language Processing) \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 (UNESCO, 2024, p. 3). \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0647\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u063a\u0629 (Freire, 1970; McLaren, 2023)\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 (Williamson &amp; Piattoeva, 2023). \u0648\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 (1): \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"274\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"105\"><strong>\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Critical-Communicative Rationality)<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Instrumental Rationality)<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064d \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a (Dialogic Pedagogy)\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u062a (Adaptive Learning)\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"331\">\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td width=\"274\">\u062a\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/td>\n<td width=\"105\">\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0636\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642 (Selwyn, 2022). \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u062c\u200c-\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0629 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 (Vygotsky, 1978\/2007) \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0641\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648&#8221; (ZPD)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0644\u0628\u064a. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u00a0\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 ZPD \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a (Transformative Learning) \u0639\u0646\u062f Mezirow (1997)\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0647\u0648 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0651\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062e\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0646\u062f Bandura (1986) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0630\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Collective Intelligence)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 (Brown &amp; Duguid, 1991; Stahl, 2006). \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h1>\n<h2><strong>\u0623\u200c-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f. (2025). \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u060c 5(7)\u060c <\/em>233-269.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.benkjournal.com\/article\/view\/1512\">https:\/\/www.benkjournal.com\/article\/view\/1512<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0637\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0641. (2025). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u2013 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621<\/em>. <em>\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 <\/em><em>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646<\/em><em>. 7(1)\u060c <\/em>290-299.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/baydaauniv.net\/buj\/index.php\/buj\/article\/view\/709\/616\">https:\/\/baydaauniv.net\/buj\/index.php\/buj\/article\/view\/709\/616<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648. (1980). <em>\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646<\/em> (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0644\u064a). \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646. (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1970).<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a\u063a\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0641<em>.<\/em> (2007).<em> \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627<\/em> (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1978).<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0646. (2003). <em>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/em> (\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631). \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1984).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><strong>\u0628\u200c- <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>AP News. (2025). Duke University launches \u201cDukeGPT\u201d to support learning. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\">https:\/\/apnews.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Bandura, A. (1986). <em>Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory<\/em>. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.<\/p>\n<p>Brown, J. S., &amp; Duguid, P. (1991). Organizational learning and communities-of-practice: Toward a unified view of working, learning, and innovation. <em>Organization Science, 2<\/em>(1), 40\u201357. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/pubsonline.informs.org\/doi\/epdf\/10.1287\/orsc.2.1.40\">https:\/\/pubsonline.informs.org\/doi\/epdf\/10.1287\/orsc.2.1.40<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Ennis, R. H. (1987). A taxonomy of critical thinking dispositions and abilities. In J. B. Baron &amp; R. J. Sternberg (Eds.), <em>Teaching thinking skills: Theory and practice<\/em> (pp. 9\u201326). New York: Freeman.<\/p>\n<p>Facione, P. A. (1990). <em>Critical thinking: A statement of expert consensus for purposes of educational assessment and instruction<\/em>. Millbrae, CA: The California Academic Press.<\/p>\n<p>Freire, P. (1970). <em>Pedagogy of the oppressed<\/em>. New York: Continuum.<\/p>\n<p>Frontiers in Education. (2025). Critical literacy in the age of AI. <em>Frontiers in Education, 10<\/em>, 155\u2013169.<\/p>\n<p>Giroux, H. A. (2011). <em>On critical pedagogy<\/em>. New York: Bloomsbury.<\/p>\n<p>Habermas, J. (1984). <em>The theory of communicative action<\/em> (Vol. 1). Boston: Beacon Press.<\/p>\n<p>Lipman, M. (2003). <em>Thinking in education<\/em>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Masterclass UNESCO. (2025). AI literacy for teachers and students. Paris: UNESCO.<\/p>\n<p>McLaren, P. (2023). <em>Critical pedagogy: A look at the major concepts<\/em>. London: Routledge.<\/p>\n<p>Mezirow, J. (1997). Transformative learning: Theory to practice. <em>New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, 74<\/em>, 5\u201312.<\/p>\n<p>Microsoft Research &amp; Carnegie Mellon University. (2025). <em>AI demands critical thinking: A double-edged sword<\/em>. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/research\">https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/research<\/a><\/p>\n<p>MIT Media Lab. (2025). <em>AI and the decline of executive brain functions in learning<\/em>. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.<\/p>\n<p>OECD. (2023). <em>AI in education: Promise and pitfalls<\/em>. Paris: OECD Publishing.<\/p>\n<p>O\u2019Neil, C. (2016). <em>Weapons of math destruction: How big data increases inequality and threatens democracy<\/em>. New York: Crown. Retrieved from <a href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/book\/10.5555\/3175762\">https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/book\/10.5555\/3175762<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Russell, S., &amp; Norvig, P. (2021). <em>Artificial intelligence: A modern approach<\/em> (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson.<\/p>\n<p>Selwyn, N. (2022). <em>Education and technology: Key issues and debates<\/em> (3rd ed.). London: Bloomsbury.<\/p>\n<p>Smart Learning Environments. (2025). Algorithmic illiteracy and its impact on critical thinking in digital education. <em>Smart Learning Environments, 12<\/em>(2), 55\u201370.<\/p>\n<p>Stahl, G. (2006). <em>Group cognition: Computer support for building collaborative knowledge<\/em>. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.<\/p>\n<p>UNESCO. (2024). <em>AI and education: Guidance for policy makers<\/em>. Paris: UNESCO Publishing.<\/p>\n<p>Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). <em>Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes<\/em> (M. Cole, V. John-Steiner, S. Scribner, &amp; E. Souberman, Eds. &amp; Trans.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.<\/p>\n<p>Williamson, B., &amp; Piattoeva, N. (2023). Education governance and datafication: Critical insights. <em>British Journal of Sociology of Education, 44<\/em>(1), 1\u201317.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> <strong>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><a href=\"mailto:Michelcamilaoun@gmail.com\"><strong>Michelcamilaoun@gmail.com<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629) The Future of Critical Thinking in the Digital Educational Environment (A Critical Approach to the Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence and Critical Pedagogy) \u062f. \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0648\u0646[1] Michel Aoun, Ph.D. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 1\/ 9\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 5\/10\/2025 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1032,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,61],"tags":[62],"class_list":["post-1070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-61","tag-62"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1070"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1123,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1070\/revisions\/1123"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}