{"id":1056,"date":"2026-01-01T16:45:02","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T13:45:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=1056"},"modified":"2026-01-01T17:54:53","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T14:54:53","slug":"%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%85%d9%8a%d9%91%d8%a9-%d9%82%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b7%d9%82-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a8%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/?p=1056","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>( \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>La saisonnalit\u00e9 du secteur des services dans les zones montagneuses de moyenne altitude au Liban \u00a0(Le cas de la ville de Broumana &#8211; Caza du Matn)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>\u062f. \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Dr. Elie Chdid<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 29\/ 8\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 3 \/ 10\/2025<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629-\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.pdf\">\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 PDF<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 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\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u062f\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Le village de Brummana est l\u2019un des plus dynamiques du district du Metn en ce qui concerne les services, notamment touristiques, durant la saison estivale. Il constitue un exemple vivant des d\u00e9fis et des opportunit\u00e9s auxquels sont confront\u00e9es les zones montagneuses du Liban. Le secteur des services y est fortement influenc\u00e9 par les variations saisonni\u00e8res, en particulier dans les domaines du tourisme, du commerce et des loisirs. Cette saisonnalit\u00e9 affecte n\u00e9gativement la stabilit\u00e9 des revenus ainsi que la qualit\u00e9 de vie des habitants, ce qui rend n\u00e9cessaire une \u00e9tude approfondie de la r\u00e9partition spatiale et temporelle des services.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Cette recherche vise \u00e0 analyser la situation actuelle des services sociaux, r\u00e9cr\u00e9atifs, \u00e9ducatifs et sanitaires \u00e0 Brummana, en mettant en lumi\u00e8re les disparit\u00e9s spatiales et les in\u00e9galit\u00e9s dans leur acc\u00e8s et leur distribution. Elle s\u2019efforce \u00e9galement de proposer des solutions pratiques afin de renforcer un d\u00e9veloppement urbain durable et d\u2019att\u00e9nuer les effets des variations saisonni\u00e8res, dans le cadre d\u2019une vision globale visant \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un \u00e9quilibre entre l\u2019expansion urbaine et la pr\u00e9servation de l\u2019identit\u00e9 environnementale et sociale de la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Mots-cl\u00e9s :<\/strong><br \/>\nsaisonnalit\u00e9,\u00a0 d\u00e9veloppement urbain, services sociaux, politiques sociales, developpement durable.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629<\/strong><br \/>\n\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 &#8211; \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 &#8211; \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 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\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u064f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2- \u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0631\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3- \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u064a\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0651\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4- \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0651: \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0651 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 (\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0647&#8230;).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>5- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 8.5 \u0643\u0644\u0645<sup>2<\/sup> \u0648 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u0647\u0636\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0651\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/strong> \u0628\u064a\u0646 700\u2013850 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646<\/strong> \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong> \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636 33\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064831 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064833 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064851 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 35\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064837 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064835 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u064841 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 (1):\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 (1): \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><strong>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 (2): \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 (3): \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>6- \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 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\u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0646\u062d\u0648 800 \u0645\u0644\u0645<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>7- \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0651\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 2010 \u06482023 \u0623\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 3\u060c83% \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 1\u060c4% \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a 1\u060c2% . \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 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\u064a\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0651\u0628 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u064a\u0638\u0644\u0651 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>8-3-2- \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 3074 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"162\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\"><strong>\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\"><strong>\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"148\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"162\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">12<\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">14<\/td>\n<td width=\"148\">26<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"162\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0636\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">232<\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">238<\/td>\n<td width=\"148\">470<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"162\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">689<\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">725<\/td>\n<td width=\"148\">1414<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"162\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">1474<\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">1600<\/td>\n<td width=\"148\">3074<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"162\"><strong>\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">541<\/td>\n<td width=\"157\">623<\/td>\n<td width=\"148\">1164<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644(1): \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a (1): \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>9- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a 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\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0645 .\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0641<\/strong> \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 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\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3-2- \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0638\u0651\u0629<\/strong><br \/>\n\u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u064b.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0628\u0651\u0624 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0651\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0624 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627: \u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u0651) \u0645\u0632\u0648\u0651\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8211; \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0666 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u064f\u0647\u0645\u064e\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0651\u0632\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0662\u0660\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651&#8221; \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> <strong>\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0651\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062d\u0651\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0634\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646&#8221; \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0623\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062b&#8221;).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651 (\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629) \u064a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0651\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 (\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 + \u0634\u0642\u0642) \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8211; \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0623\u0645\u0651\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 &#8220;\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0651\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627:<\/strong> <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0623\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0648&#8221; \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0641\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629 (\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 &#8211; \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\/\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0651\u0643\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0651 <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 (\u0645\u062b\u0644: &#8220;\u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627: \u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0641\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0633&#8221;).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 (\u0625\u0646\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0643) \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0651\u0627\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627- \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629\/\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646&#8221; (\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 &#8211; \u0637\u0647\u064a) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0651\u0627 : \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0647\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647) \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627: \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651<\/strong>: \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0651.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>: \u0637\u0628\u062e\u060c \u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0651\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&#8211; \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0647\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651).<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 &#8220;\u0639\u0637\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621&#8221; \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0651\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0647\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645<\/strong> <strong>\u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong>: \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0651\u062a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0648\u0621\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f .<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0651\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0642\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646.<a href=\"#_ftn28\" name=\"_ftnref28\">[28]<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0651\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0651\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u0651\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0651 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn29\" name=\"_ftnref29\">[29]<\/a>. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0651\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 <strong>&#8220;<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646<strong>&#8220;<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0651\u0642 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0651\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u064a\u0651 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u063a\u062f\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0651<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627. (2023). <em>\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0651\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a. (2021). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637<\/em>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. (2023). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/em>. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629. (2019). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/em>. \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641: \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 (2007) \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. (2021). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. (2020). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong><strong> (2018). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f<\/strong><strong> (2019). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0635<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0637\u064a\u0641<\/strong><strong> (2017). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a<\/strong><strong> (2021). <\/strong><em>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0645\u0631<\/strong><strong> (2016). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646<\/li>\n<li>Khalaf, S. (2002). <em>Civil and Urban Development in Lebanon<\/em>. Beirut: American University of Beirut Press.<\/li>\n<li>Makdisi, S., &amp; Sadaka, R. (2020). <em>The Lebanese economy: Development and challenges<\/em>. Beirut: Lebanese American University Press.<\/li>\n<li>Nasr, J. (2016). <em>Urban planning in Lebanon: Policies challenges, and prospects<\/em>. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq.<\/li>\n<li>Saliba, R., &amp; Nassar, N. (2019). <em>Sustainable tourism and urban development in Mount Lebanon<\/em>. Journal of Mediterranean Studies, 28(2), 145\u2013168.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Salem, S. (2018). &#8220;Seasonality in Tourism and Its Socio-Economic Impact on Mountain Communities: The Case of Mount Lebanon&#8221;. <\/strong><em>Journal of Sustainable Tourism<\/em><strong>, 26(7), 1123\u20131140.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f- \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> &#8211; Khalaf, S. (2002). <em>Civil and Urban Development in Lebanon<\/em>. Beirut: American University of Beirut Press.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. (2021). <em>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> &#8211; \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> &#8211; \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> &#8211; \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> &#8211; \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0651<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> &#8211; \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> &#8211; \u062f.\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c 2007.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627<strong>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0645\u0631<\/strong><strong> (2016). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\"><\/a>Nasr, J. (2016). <em>Urban planning in Lebanon: Policies challenges, and prospects<\/em>. Beirut: Dar el-Machreq.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629. (2020). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/em>. \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> &#8211; \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 (2019) \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0651\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u2013 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> &#8211; \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 (2025)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0651\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> &#8211; \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> &#8211; \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\"><\/a><strong>Salem, S. (2018). &#8220;Seasonality in Tourism and Its Socio-Economic Impact on Mountain Communities: The Case of Mount Lebanon&#8221;. <\/strong><em>Journal of Sustainable Tourism<\/em><strong>, 26(7), 1123\u20131140.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> &#8211; \u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 (2023) \u2013 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> &#8211; <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0651\u0627\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f<\/strong><strong> (2018). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\"><strong><sup>[23]<\/sup><\/strong><\/a> &#8211; <strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a<\/strong><strong> (2021). <\/strong><em>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0651\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u062f\u0645\u0634\u0642: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref24\" name=\"_ftn24\">[24]<\/a> Makdisi, S., &amp; Sadaka, R. (2020). <em>The Lebanese economy: Development and challenges<\/em>. Beirut: Lebanese American University Press.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref25\" name=\"_ftn25\">[25]<\/a> &#8211; \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651 (2021): \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0651\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062e\u0637\u0637<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref26\" name=\"_ftn26\"><strong><sup>[26]<\/sup><\/strong><\/a> &#8211; <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0651\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0651\u0637\u064a\u0641<\/strong><strong> (2017). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref27\" name=\"_ftn27\">[27]<\/a> &#8211; \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0651\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651. (2021). <em>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642<\/em><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#_ftnref28\" name=\"_ftn28\"><\/a>Saliba, R., &amp; Nassar, N. (2019). <em>Sustainable tourism and urban development in Mount Lebanon<\/em>. Journal of Mediterranean Studies, 28(2), 145\u2013168.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref29\" name=\"_ftn29\"><strong>[29]<\/strong><\/a> &#8211; <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f<\/strong><strong> (2019). <\/strong><em>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0651\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0635<\/em><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646: \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0651\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 ( \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646) La saisonnalit\u00e9 du secteur des services dans les zones montagneuses de moyenne altitude au Liban \u00a0(Le cas de la ville de Broumana &#8211; Caza du Matn) \u062f. \u0625\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f[1] Dr. Elie Chdid \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645 29\/ 8\/ 2025 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":1032,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[47,49],"tags":[62],"class_list":["post-1056","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-47","category-49","tag-62"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1056","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1056"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1056\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1133,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1056\/revisions\/1133"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1032"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1056"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1056"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.al-manafeth.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1056"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}